Female Infertility Conditions

A uterine septum is a congenital wall dividing the uterus partially or completely.

Impact:

• Prevents normal implantation of the embryo.
• Increases the risk of miscarriage or preterm labor.
• Often goes undiagnosed until infertility evaluations begin.

Treatment:

• Hysteroscopic surgery to remove the septum and restore normal uterine shape.

Uterine scars (Asherman’s Syndrome) form after surgery, infections, or repeated D&Cs.

Impact:

• Blocks the uterine lining from developing normally.
• Causes irregular or absent periods.
• Makes embryo implantation difficult.

Treatment:

• Hysteroscopic removal of adhesions and hormonal therapy for uterine healing.
  

Fibroids are non-cancerous growths in the uterus that can distort the uterine cavity.

Impact:

• Blocks fallopian tubes or affects embryo implantation.
• Causes heavy bleeding and pelvic pain.
• Can interfere with pregnancy growth.

Treatment:

• Laparoscopic or robotic myomectomy (fibroid removal).
• Medications to control symptoms before surgery.

Uterine polyps are small, soft tissue growths inside the uterus.

Impact:

• Can prevent embryo attachment.
• Causes spotting or heavy periods.

Treatment:

• Simple hysteroscopic removal to restore fertility.

Irregular or absent menstruation often signals hormonal imbalances.

Causes include:

• Thyroid dysfunction
• Polycystic ovaries
• Extreme weight changes or stress

Impact:

• Reduces ovulation frequency.
• Makes tracking fertile days difficult.

Treatment:

• Hormonal regulation through medication and lifestyle changes.

A low ovarian reserve means fewer healthy eggs remain in the ovaries.

Common Causes:

• Age above 35
• Genetic conditions
• Chemotherapy or radiation

Impact:

• Reduced fertility potential.
• Lower IVF success rates.

Treatment:

• Ovarian stimulation with fertility drugs.
• Egg freezing or donor egg programs for advanced cases.

PCOS is a hormonal imbalance causing irregular ovulation and multiple small ovarian cysts.

Symptoms:

• Irregular periods
• Weight gain
• Excess hair growth (hirsutism)

Impact:

• Reduced fertility potential.
• Lower IVF success rates.

Treatment:

• Lifestyle modification (diet & exercise)
• Ovulation-inducing medication
• Insulin resistance management

While PCOS and PCOD are similar, PCOD is a milder form with more lifestyle links.

Impact:

• Delayed ovulation
• Hormonal imbalance causing acne or hair fall

Treatment:

• Balanced diet, stress control, and weight management.
• Medications to regularize menstrual cycles.

Fallopian tubes are vital for egg fertilization and transport.

Common Issues:

• Blocked or damaged tubes from infections or prior surgeries.
• Hydrosalpinx (fluid in tubes).

Impact:

• Prevents sperm from meeting the egg.
• Leads to ectopic pregnancy risks.

Treatment:

• Laparoscopic tubal repair or IVF (in-vitro fertilization) if tubes are severely damaged.

Pelvic adhesions are internal scar tissues binding reproductive organs together.

Causes:

• Pelvic infections
• Surgeries (C-section, endometriosis removal)

Impact:

• Blocks egg movement or distorts organ shape.

Treatment:

• Laparoscopic surgery to release adhesions and restore normal anatomy.

PID results from untreated bacterial infections like chlamydia or gonorrhea.

Impact:

• Damages fallopian tubes and uterus lining.
• Increases infertility and ectopic pregnancy risk.

Treatment:

• Antibiotics to control infection.
• Laparoscopic intervention for chronic cases.

Endometriosis happens when uterine tissue grows outside the uterus.

Symptoms:

• Painful periods
• Pain during intercourse
• Chronic pelvic pain

Impact:

• Causes inflammation and scarring around the ovaries and tubes.
  

Treatment:

• Hormonal suppression or laparoscopic excision of endometrial tissue.
• IVF for severe infertility cases.

Emotional or physical factors affecting sexual activity can cause infertility.

Common causes:

• Anxiety, depression, or relationship issues.
• Hormonal imbalances causing low libido or painful intercourse.

Treatment:

• Counseling and therapy.
• Hormone replacement or relaxation techniques.

Recurrent miscarriage is defined as three or more consecutive pregnancy losses.

Causes:

• Genetic abnormalities
• Hormonal disorders
• Immune or clotting disorders

Impact:

• Emotional trauma and difficulty conceiving again.

Treatment:

• Genetic testing for both partners.
• Hormonal or immunotherapy support during early pregnancy.

Modern fertility care combines advanced diagnostics and personalized treatment.

Approaches include:

• Hormone evaluation and ultrasound scanning.
• Laparoscopic  and hysteroscopic corrections.
• IVF, ICSI, or IUI techniques when natural conception isn’t possible.
• Nutritional support, stress management, and counselling for mental wellness.

Early detection of reproductive issues increases treatment success.

Advantages:

• Prevents long-term complications.
• Improves egg health and uterine readiness.
• Reduces emotional and financial stress.
• Boosts IVF or natural conception rates.

• Infertility doesn’t mean impossibility it means understanding your body’s signals.
• Regular checkups, a balanced diet, and expert medical care can restore reproductive health.
• Modern fertility treatments help thousands of women achieve pregnancy successfully.